Emili Darder i Cànaves (Palma, June 20, 1895 – Palma Cemetery, February 24, 1937)[1] was a Mallorcan physician and politician. He was the last Republican mayor of Palma, executed on February 24, 1937, by Franco's troops during the Spanish Civil War. A progressive, Mallorcan nationalist, and Catholic, he was one of the Mallorcan intellectuals most committed to the modernization and national recovery of the island.
A cultural foundation linked to the PSM (Socialist Party of Mallorca), one of the December 31st Awards of the Balearic Cultural Association, and an award from the Palma branch of the United Left,[2] a secondary school in Palma, and a street in the same city bear his name. In 2011, a historical route was created to commemorate his memory.
Biography
A graduate in medicine and surgery from the University of Valencia in 1915, he earned a doctorate in clinical analysis. He was a member of the Academies of Medicine and Surgery of Palma (1926) and Barcelona (1933) and a member of the board of the Parla Catalana Medical Congresses. From 1927, he headed the epidemiology section of the Balearic Islands Institute of Hygiene. As a physician, he promoted public health advancements and worked to improve social hygiene. He wrote political and cultural articles for various publications, such as Nuestra Tierra and the Calendario Mallorquín, and medical articles for the Revista Balear de Medicina.
Culture
Emili Darder could never separate culture from his personal actions, in his opinion: "There is only one means to create citizens, which is culture. It turns out that the basic task is to create culture, culture, and more culture” (inaugural event of Juventud Escolar, 1931). Throughout his life, he was committed to any organization that represented a cultural boost for our land. He participated in: • The Association for the Protection of Catalan Education:
- The Lullian Archaeological Society
- The Congress of the Association of Catalan-Speaking Doctors, as vice president
- The Mallorca Tourism Promotion Association, as member and treasurer
- The Mallorcan Circle, as librarian
- The Mallorcan Choir, as member
- The Mallorcan Society for the Protection of Animals and Plants, as member
His work as founder of the Association for the Culture of Mallorca deserves special mention, of which he was president between 1925 and 1931. In this association, he created a section for young people called Juventud Escolar (School Youth), from which he prioritized the promotion of the use of our language and the knowledge of our culture.
Education
Emili Darder felt a deep love for children, whose education became a lifelong passion. He was concerned for their physical well-being and implemented medical checkups and vaccination campaigns in schools, spaces that, since his intervention, have been remodeled and equipped with better ventilation and lighting.
One of the most progressive measures that Emili Darder championed was the creation of school cafeterias and nurseries for the children of working mothers. Convinced of the importance of children's holistic development, he undertook, together with primary school inspector Joan Capó, a reform to incorporate drawing, music, and gymnastics as subjects in public schools, and he implemented the school summer camp program, which provided diverse and healthy experiences for children. He personally visited the camp facilities unannounced.
In 1931, when he took up the position of Councilor for Culture, he initiated an ambitious school construction project, some of which was completed during the Republican period. Among others, he founded the schools of Son Espanyolet, Coll d'en Rebassa, Alexandre Rosselló, and Jaume I. During the six years of the Second Republic, more schools were inaugurated in our city than in the first twenty years of the Francoist dictatorship.
Life and medicine
Emili Darder y Cànaves was born in Palma on June 20, 1895. The son of the prominent physician Tomàs Darder i Ensenyat, to whom the city has dedicated a street, he grew up in a devout Catholic family.
He entered university before the legal age and earned doctorates in Medicine and Surgery in Valencia in 1915, and in Clinical Analysis in Madrid in 1924.
In 1917, in Deià, where he spent his summers, he met Miquela Rovira Sellarès, sister of Mariano Rovira, a physician from Sóller. They married on June 24, 1920, and had a daughter, Emilia.
Emili Darder distinguished himself as a physician very early on. He was elected a member of the Academies of Medicine and Surgery of Palma in 1926 and of Barcelona in 1933, and a member of the Board of Directors of the Association of Physicians of Parla Catalana. In 1927 he was appointed head of the Epidemiology section of the Provincial Institute of Hygiene of the Balearic Islands. He was responsible for the establishment of the first truly scientific clinical analysis laboratory in Mallorca.
Emili Darder, the wife and daughter
sanitation
One of Emili Darder's priorities was to improve the quality of life for the citizens of Palma. With this objective, he designed a comprehensive healthcare plan whose fundamental pillars were:
- The creation of municipal clinics to serve the population. He inaugurated the central clinic at the City Hall, which offered services including X-rays, maternity care, and pediatrics. He extended this system to several neighborhoods in Palma.
- The dissemination of essential hygiene knowledge among rural communities. He focused particularly on the prevention of typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and venereal diseases.
- The implementation of a project to channel and supply potable water to the city. At that time, many of the diseases that Dr. Darder sought to combat were caused by contaminated water.
Politician (1923-1933)
After a long period of involvement in cultural initiatives, he became politically active within the left-wing republican movement. He was one of the founders of the Association for the Culture of Mallorca (1923), of which he was president (1925-31). In the municipal elections of April 1931, he was elected to the Palma City Council as a candidate for the Federal Republican Party of Mallorca. He chaired the health and education committees, which produced the General Project for School Construction (September 1931) and the Plan for the Reorganization of Municipal Health Services (November 1932). He was a member of the drafting committee for the Preliminary Draft of the Statute of Autonomy of 1931. In January 1932, he was one of the founders of Republican Action of Mallorca, which, in 1934, became the nucleus of the Balearic Republican Left, of which he was one of the main leaders. The founding document of this party, dated April 8, 1934, states that Manuel Cirer is the honorary president and that there is an Executive Committee, with Eduard Gómez Ibáñez as secretary and Vicenç Tejada as president. Emili Darder holds the position of treasurer.[5] Bernat Jofre was the representative member for the Ponent district. The young Pere Capellà was a member, but did not hold any prominent position.
Mayor (1933-1936)
In December 1933, he was elected mayor of Palma. From this position, he promoted the provision of water and sewage systems for the entire city, the construction of nurseries and school complexes, such as those in Son Espanyolet, Es Coll d'en Rabassa, and on Alexandre Rosselló Avenue, which opened in April 1934. He continued the reform of the City Council's health services. He also ensured the proper functioning of the markets and provided employment for the unemployed. He was suspended from his duties in 1934, following the October Revolution, but was reinstated in February 1936, with the victory of the Popular Front. In June 1936, I signed the Response to the Message of the Catalans.
When the Civil War broke out, he was arrested on July 20, 1936, and imprisoned in Bellver Castle. In December 1936, his assets, valued at two million pesetas, were seized. Court-martialed, he was sentenced to death even though the prosecutor had only requested a 20-year prison term. On February 24, 1937, despite being seriously ill, he was executed by firing squad in the Palma cemetery along with Antoni Maria Ques Ventanyol, Alexandre Jaume Rosselló, and Antoni Mateu Ferrer.
His death
In December 1933, he was elected mayor of Palma. From this position, he promoted the provision of water and sewage systems for the entire city, the construction of nurseries and school complexes, such as those in Son Espanyolet, Es Coll d'en Rabassa, and on Alexandre Rosselló Avenue, which opened in April 1934. He continued the reform of the City Council's health services. He also ensured the proper functioning of the markets and provided employment for the unemployed. He was suspended from his duties in 1934, following the October Revolution, but was reinstated in February 1936, with the victory of the Popular Front. In June 1936, he signed the Response to the Message of the Catalans.
When the Civil War broke out, he was arrested on July 20, 1936, and imprisoned in Bellver Castle. In December 1936, his assets, valued at two million pesetas, were seized. Court-martialed, he was sentenced to death even though the prosecutor had only requested a 20-year prison term. On February 24, 1937, despite being seriously ill, he was executed by firing squad in the Palma cemetery along with Antoni Maria Ques Ventanyol, Alexandre Jaume Rosselló, and Antoni Mateu Ferrer.
Font: Viquipèdia cathttps://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emili_Darder_i_C%C3%A0naves
Year 2011. Tribute to Emili Darder:
https://arcmediterrani.blogspot.com/2011/02/homenatge-emili-darder-diumenge.html
Casa d'Emili Darder, confiscated and today, a delegation of the Ministry of Defense
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