In 1936, with the outbreak of war, the evolution and apparent life of our literature were interrupted, and an absolute silence fell. History had brought a sudden, abrupt end—with unusual violence—to a period beyond which nothing could be foreseen. It was as if all the paths of our island’s letters had suddenly led into a void, into nothingness. Our land vanished; writers and publishing houses fell silent. Four years after peace was restored, there was no sign of any significant change in the situation: difficulties of every kind made new publications practically impossible, limiting activity to the reprinting of works by authors already considered classics—Costa, Alcover, Oliver. As for the writers themselves, with the tragedy still fresh in their minds, it was as if they lacked the heart to take up their pens once again.
There was too much ash in all hearts, as Miquel Ferrà had predicted in a memorable poem.
Little by little, however, the ice began to break, and in the salons and gatherings – in those years there were still salons and gatherings – unpublished verses were read again and some newcomers made an appearance. The desire to resume, to forget the tragic parenthesis and return to the calm stability of before, was quite justifiable; to adopt, in the head and in F1, an attitude of flight. But was it possible to do it? The war had been a huge turning point, and neither the material nor the spiritual world of the 1940s was anything like that of the 1930s: the anxieties felt, the problems posed were completely different. This is enough to explain the hesitant, insecure step, full of disorientations, of marches forward and backward, with which our letters resumed their path.
Post-war Majorcan poetry truly inaugurated with BLAI BONET, born in Santanyí in 1926. He is one of the most disturbing and profound – and perhaps most complex – personalities that our literature of all time has produced. Its revelation in 1950, through the small collection Four Poems of Holy Week, produced a real shock. There was talk of a total, comprehensive renewal of Mallorcan poetry. And in reality it was like that, at least in the formal aspect. Blai Bonet debuted a new lyrical language, a mesell of dazzling and daring images, which then found full expression in the book Entre ei coral y la espiga, published in 1952 with a prologue by Bernat Vidal. Both in this volume and in the Holy Week Poems the very marked influence of the Castilian poets of the 27th - Lorca above all - was evident, along with some reminiscences of Maragall and Salvat-l'apasseit. There is no doubt that these features were largely due to the teachings of Bernat Vidal, whose drive is evident in the poet's early work. In one aspect he remained faithful to tradition: the preference for the landscape theme. Blai Bonet sang a delirious landscape, colored with sounds and perfumes: a sea and a field humanized, living, with muscles and blood and soul. Along this path he came to write verses of unfading beauty, such as those in this poem that, despite the Lorca seal, expresses with complete purity the most authentic personality of the poet:
MAR ADOLESCENT
i bellveures vora el mar.
Nacre verd amb ulls de plata,
mar saliner de setze anys.
Aquest noi, com se revincla
per veure l’horta i el camp!
Canaris de llimonera
volen els seus dits de sal.
–Deixau-me saltar l’arena.
Tallau-me els penyals d’aram,
i els pins d’or que sempre canten,
remulls de llum, inclinats...!
Pensar que mai no has de veure,
donzell ardent de pits blaus,
el plor morat de la vinya
ni el pes gloriós del blat!
Mai! Ii va dir. i el seu coll
tenia clavells de sang,
i els muscles, obscurs. bromera
de nenúfars grocs i blancs
portau llimones al mar... !
A feeling for the landscape, certainly; but this lies outside the Mallorcan School. The refinement of verse has been replaced by the expressiveness of the image—and of language itself. Yet, this disregard for formal values is more than compensated for by an exceptional gift for lyrical insight—a fervent, compelling energy capable of creation through a single verse, or even just a few words.
*Cant espiritual* (1953) marked a shift toward a drier, harsher poetry, permeated by a poignant religious restlessness; it also signaled a certain conceptual confusion—a chaotic imbalance that has come to characterize Blai Bonet’s more recent work. This imbalance reaches almost unbearable extremes in *Comedia* (1961), where the poet—leaning in some respects toward historical realism—attempts a grand-scale "civic" poetry, viewing the Hispanic theme through the lens of Catalonia. It is not, however, too bold to suggest that he has strayed from his true path, venturing onto routes that are closed to him—routes that can only serve to distort his work. In truth, Blai Bonet is an intuitive poet—a great poet—standing in stark contrast, for instance, to the intellectualism of a figure like Villangómez. He himself ought to realize that the conceptual elements in his work must inevitably remain subordinate to the strictly poetic ones. It is, rather, his sudden, brilliant flashes of insight—profound intuitions charged with a fierce understanding of the human condition, and the harrowing expressiveness of his chosen words—that carry the true weight of his work, far more than any muddled or contradictory line of reasoning. It is above all when evoking the lived experience of his childhood and adolescence that the poet strikes a truly moving chord. This is evident in the following stanzas from his "Self-Portrait" (*Autorretrato*), included in *Comedia*:
a Santanyí, carrer de Palma, 74.
El meu pare era euguer, i cada nit em duia
una aspra llebre oberta, amb el ventre ple de mata.
Em criaren amarg, com la pols de sivina,
de cap agrest i alt, com el cap duna cabra.
No em marcaren amb cuiro les marcades costelles.
però prest n’engrunaren l’os del front amb paraules.
Jo vaig conèixer abans el pecat que la mar.
Una noia plorà entre el mur d’una casa
i els meus genolls, abans que jo fos un noi alt
que aprèn, sol, el seu cos i l’olorosa gramàtica.
Quan un gall escometé l’aurora de la vida
a dins la meva veu tràgica i emmatada,
un vagó de tercera em porta a un asil negre,
on em dissimularen darrere una sotana.
L’octubre era fondo damunt uns plàtans pàl·lids
com les orelles grogues dels llatinistes d’aigua.
M’acompanyaren Crist, la meva mare, el sac
de roba i un vicari d’alpaca perfumada.
These lyrical qualities are what make *Comedia*—and the previously unpublished collection *¡Oh Calvary, Calvary!*, which continues in the same vein—two exceptionally beautiful, extraordinary books of poetry, despite their failure as civic poems.
Along with Blai Bonet and forming with him the leading front of the young poetry of 1950, we must place two other poets of marked personality: Llorenç Moya and Jaume Vidal Alcover.
Josep Mª Llompart
from his/her book: "La Literatura moderna a les Balears"



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